Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41777978›Full record

ReviewCureus2026

Stigma and Access to Mental Healthcare Among US Veterans.

Justin B Atkins, Ronnie Joseph

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Justin B AtkinsMedicine, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV), Las Vegas, USA.
Ronnie JosephEmergency Medicine, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV), Las Vegas, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mental health disorders, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and substance use disorders, disproportionately affect US military veterans and contribute to increased morbidity and mortality. Despite the availability of Veterans Affairs (VA) mental health services, treatment engagement remains suboptimal. National survey data indicate that while approximately one quarter of veterans screen positive for a probable mental or substance use disorder, fewer than one-third report current mental healthcare utilization. Treatment gaps are especially concerning among high-risk groups, including veterans endorsing suicidal ideation, among whom only a minority engage in current mental health treatment. Stigma, both internalized and anticipated, along with structural barriers such as rural access limitations, system navigation challenges, and concerns regarding confidentiality, significantly contributes to poor utilization of mental health services. This narrative review synthesizes peer-reviewed literature published between 2014 and 2025 examining cultural, attitudinal, and structural barriers to mental healthcare utilization among US veterans and evaluates evidence-based interventions aimed at improving engagement and reducing stigma. Findings consistently demonstrate that internalized stigma, fear of judgment, and masculine identity norms deter help-seeking behaviors, while geographic isolation, administrative complexity, and perceived lack of confidentiality further exacerbate avoidance. Interventions associated with improved engagement include integrated primary care-mental health models, peer navigator programs, tele-mental health services, and targeted anti-stigma initiatives. Addressing both cultural and structural determinants through a multifaceted approach is essential to improving mental healthcare utilization among veterans. Family medicine physicians, particularly in rural and community-based settings, are uniquely positioned to facilitate early identification, reduce stigma, and promote sustained engagement in mental healthcare.

Indexed as

mental health accessprimary care integrationptsdstigmatelehealthveterans

Identifiers

PMID41777978
PMCPMC12952275

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.