ArticleFrontiers in oncology2026
Uterine tumors resembling ovarian sex cord tumors: rare case report and literature review.
Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Uterine tumors resembling ovarian sex-cord tumors (UTROSCT) are rare mesenchymal neoplasms with low malignant potential and polyphenotypic immunoprofiles. A 38-year-old nullipara presented with menorrhagia; trans-vaginal ultrasound revealed a 26-mm, richly vascular submucosal mass. Complete hysteroscopic excision was achieved without residual disease. Microscopy showed anastomosing cords, hollow tubules and bland spindled cells (0-1 mitosis/10 HPF). Immunohistochemistry demonstrated diffuse AE1/3, CD56, WT-1 and synaptophysin positivity, while inhibin-α, calretinin and ER/PR were negative; desmin highlighted entrapped myometrium. Ki-67 index was ~5%. Break-apart FISH and next-generation sequencing (141-gene solid-tumor panel) disclosed no pathogenic fusions involving ESR1, GREB1, NCOA2/3 or NR4A3, nor mutations in TP53, BRCA1/2 or mismatch-repair genes, consistent with the fusion-negative UTROSCT subset (~30-45% of cases). At 20 months the patient is disease-free with regular menses and intact fertility. We review diagnostic clues, differential diagnoses, molecular taxonomy and fertility-sparing strategies, underscoring the value of comprehensive genomic profiling for accurate classification and prognostication of this uncommon uterine tumor.
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