Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41777626›Full record

ArticleExploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy2026

Understanding the mediating role of pharmaceutical policymaking attitudes between personal attributes and public service motivation.

Chadia Haddad, Hala Sacre, Jihan Safwan, Deema Rahme, Aline Hajj, Jenny Elia, Joya El Ghawi, Lina Haidar, Lama Dimachkieh, Mahmoud Nasrallah and 2 more

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Article in Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Chadia HaddadInstitut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban (INSPECT-LB), Beirut, Lebanon.
Hala SacreInstitut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban (INSPECT-LB), Beirut, Lebanon.
Jihan SafwanInstitut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban (INSPECT-LB), Beirut, Lebanon.
Deema RahmeInstitut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban (INSPECT-LB), Beirut, Lebanon.
Aline HajjInstitut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban (INSPECT-LB), Beirut, Lebanon.
Jenny EliaLebanese Pharmacy Students' Association, Beirut, Lebanon.
Joya El GhawiLebanese Pharmacy Students' Association, Beirut, Lebanon.
Lina HaidarLebanese Pharmacy Students' Association, Beirut, Lebanon.
Lama DimachkiehLebanese Pharmacy Students' Association, Beirut, Lebanon.
Mahmoud NasrallahLebanese Pharmacy Students' Association, Beirut, Lebanon.
Sukaina BasmaInstitut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban (INSPECT-LB), Beirut, Lebanon.
Pascale SalamehInstitut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban (INSPECT-LB), Beirut, Lebanon.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: The mediating role of perceptions of pharmaceutical policymaking on the relationship between personal attributes and public service motivation (PSM) remains unexplored, particularly among early-career pharmacists in developing countries such as Lebanon. This study aimed to explore the relationship between personal and professional attributes, specifically leadership, strategic thinking, and self-efficacy, and PSM. It also assessed whether perceptions of pharmaceutical policymaking mediate these relationships and whether these pathways vary across different pharmacist personal attribute profiles. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2023 to May 2024 and included early-career pharmacists. This study used validated scales to assess personal and professional attributes. Results: Among 504 pharmacists, 32% were early career pharmacists, 30% were senior students, and the rest were fourth-year or earlier pharmacy students. Participants were grouped into three profiles based on personal attributes: strong, moderate, and weak. Authentic leadership was positively correlated with generalized self-efficacy ( Conclusion: This research found that leadership, strategic thinking, and generalized and research self-efficacy were positively associated with public service motivation, while pharmaceutical policymaking was inversely related to it. Perception of pharmaceutical policymaking partially mediated the effect of weaker cluster membership on public service motivation. In view of the paucity of research in this area, conducting similar studies in diverse settings would help confirm the current results and further consolidate the causal relationships between these concepts. Meanwhile, education and research should prioritize early-career pharmacists' personal attributes to empower them in optimizing their profession and enhancing patient care.

Indexed as

LeadershipMediation analysisPharmacy educationPharmacy practicePolicymaking perceptionPublic service motivationSelf-efficacyStrategic thinking

Identifiers

PMID41777626
PMCPMC12950409

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.