ReviewFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology2026
Penetration depth of cold atmospheric plasma into biological tissue: a review.
Review in Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Efficacy of Cold Atmospheric Plasma Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms: A Systematic Review of In Vitro Studies.BioMed research international · 2026Pooled it
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a non-thermal plasma generated near room temperature that has broad medical applications in the medical field, including antitumor, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory effects, promotion of tissue regeneration, and enhancement of transdermal and mucosal drug delivery. However, there is currently a lack of standardization regarding the indications for CAP and its application parameters, resulting in varying degrees of histological penetration depths reported in different studies. Therefore, to further promote the safe and effective clinical application of CAP, the histological levels at which CAP can be applied must be clearly defined. Here, we review the depth of tissue penetration achieved by CAP under various conditions and analyze the key factors influencing penetration depth, using this knowledge to propose how these factors should be adjusted for different application requirements to achieve safer and more precise therapies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.