Work-related accidents involving venomous animals in Brazil (2019 2023): associated factors and health inequalities among workers.

Introduction: In Brazil, accidents involving venomous animals represent a significant health problem, affecting particularly vulnerable populations. Objectives: To analyze the factors associated with work-related accidents involving venomous animals in Brazil between 2019 and 2023. Methods: A cross-sectional study using secondary data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System, including sociodemographic variables, accident characteristics, and clinical manifestations. The analysis comprised absolute and relative frequencies, prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% confidence intervals, and robust Poisson regression for the multivariate model. Multicollinearity was assessed using the Variance Inflation Factor, and discriminatory ability was evaluated with the ROC curve. Results: Of the 1,442,464 reported cases of accidents involving venomous animals, 1,280,223 had valid data regarding work-relatedness; among these, 122,608 (9.58%) were classified as work-related. The mean age of victims was 36.5 years (SD = 21.0). Factors statistically associated with the outcome included: male sex (PR=2.66), black/brown race (PR=1.08), yellow/indigenous race (PR=1.24), illiteracy (PR=1.11), accidents involving snakes (PR=2.27), spiders (PR=1.19), and other animals (PR=1.18), as well as injuries to upper limbs (PR=1.23) and head (PR=1.12). The model showed an area under the ROC curve of 72.56% and a variance inflation factors average of 2.15, indicating good discriminatory capacity and absence of multicollinearity. Conclusions: Work-related accidents involving venomous animals predominantly affect vulnerable populations, reflecting social inequalities and gaps in worker health protection. The importance of preventive strategies expanded access to healthcare, and active surveillance in the territories-especially rural areas-is emphasized.