SynthesisBMC public health2026
Prevalence and epidemiological patterns of Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection in Canada, 1969-2025: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMC public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Prevalence and epidemiological patterns of Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection in sub-Saharan Africa, 1964-2025: Systematic review, meta-analyses, and meta-regressions.PLoS medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Epidemiology of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Jordan: prevalence, incidence, and clearance from a national laboratory dataset, 2014-2025.BMC public health · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundNeisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) infection remains a concern due to its morbidity and increasing antimicrobial resistance. This study synthesized evidence on NG prevalence in Canada, examining epidemiological patterns across populations and anatomical sites, temporal trends, and key associations.
methodsA systematic review of NG prevalence studies published up to August 7, 2025, was conducted following the Cochrane framework and reported in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Random-effects meta-analyses generated pooled prevalence estimates, while random-effects meta-regression analyses identified associations and sources of heterogeneity.
resultsA total of 136 publications contributed 226 prevalence measures spanning 1969–2025. In the general population, the pooled mean prevalence of urogenital infection was 1.0% (95% CI: 0.5–1.5%). Among men who have sex with men, pooled prevalence was 0.9% (95% CI: 0.2–1.9%) for urogenital, 2.6% (95% CI: 0.9–4.9%) for anorectal, and 1.6% (95% CI: 0.2–3.8%) for oropharyngeal infection. Among STI clinic attendees, prevalence was 7.5% (95% CI: 4.2–11.6%) for urogenital, 2.5% (95% CI: 0.7–5.3%) for anorectal, and 5.0% (95% CI: 1.8–9.6%) for oropharyngeal infection. Prevalence was high among symptomatic populations—15.9% (95% CI: 4.0–33.2%) in women and 37.4% (95% CI: 11.1–68.6%) in men. Meta-regression analyses explained over half of the variation in prevalence, showing a long-term decline, a gradient by population type, and a small-study effect, but no differences by age, sex, or province.
conclusionsNG prevalence in Canada mirrors global levels and patterns. The persistence of infection underscores the need for sustained prevention, enhanced surveillance—including extragenital screening—and continued research to inform policy.
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