ArticleBMC oral health2026
Intranasal MyD88-adjuvanted DNA vaccine against P. gingivalis in rat periodontitis.
Article in BMC oral health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundPeriodontitis is a prevalent chronic inflammatory disease characterized by progressive destruction of periodontal supporting tissues. Although DNA vaccines targeting periodontal pathogens have shown potential, insufficient immunogenicity remains a major limitation.
methodsA MyD88-adjuvanted DNA vaccine targeting Porphyromonas gingivalis antigens was developed and administered intranasally in a rat model of periodontitis. Rats were randomly assigned to five groups (n = 3–7 per group). Vaccine‑induced immune responses, alveolar bone loss, and safety were systematically evaluated.
resultsIntranasal immunization with the MyD88-adjuvanted vaccine elicited significantly enhanced mucosal and systemic antibody responses, including elevated salivary secretory IgA and serum antigen‑specific IgG and IgA. The vaccine promoted coordinated activation of B cells and follicular helper T cells in mucosal and systemic lymphoid tissues. Importantly, vaccinated rats exhibited markedly reduced alveolar bone loss compared with disease controls and the non‑adjuvanted vaccine group. Quantitatively, intranasal MyD88-adjuvanted vaccination significantly decreased alveolar bone loss (one-way ANOVA, F(4,10) = 137.1, P < 0.05). The mean bone loss was reduced from approximately 0.78 mm in the periodontitis group to approximately 0.56 mm in the MyD88-adjuvanted group. No significant adverse effects or pathological changes were observed.
conclusionsThese findings indicate that MyD88 effectively enhances the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a periodontal DNA vaccine. This intranasal MyD88-adjuvanted DNA vaccine may be useful as a preventive and adjunctive immunotherapeutic strategy and warrants further translational studies in oral health.
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