Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41776441›Full record

ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2026

Poverty during pregnancy as a health inequality: pregnant women's experiences in accessing primary health services.

Bilge Türkoğlu, Serap Öztürk Altınayak, Kübranur Görmüş

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Bilge TürkoğluHealth Sciences Faculty, Department of Social Work, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey. bilge.turkoglu@omu.edu.tr.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6690-9351
Serap Öztürk AltınayakHealth Sciences Faculty, Department of Midwifery, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3882-0966
Kübranur GörmüşGraduate School of Health Sciences, Social Work Department, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9832-4430

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundComprehensive healthcare services -encompassing medical, nutritional, and psychosocial support provided by primary healthcare professionals- are crucial for safeguarding maternal and fetal health. High-quality healthcare provided during the preconception and pregnancy phases positively influences the postpartum process. However, due to economic constraints, not all pregnant women have equal access to primary healthcare services, leading to challenging conditions throughout their pregnancies.

methodsThis study aimed to explore the experiences of pregnant women living below the poverty line in accessing primary healthcare services. Adopting a phenomenological qualitative design and using purposive sampling, 19 pregnant women living under the poverty threshold in Turkey were recruited, and in-depth telephone interviews were conducted. The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) checklist was followed.

resultsThe data were analyzed through thematic analysis. Four main themes emerged: personal and cultural differences, income disparity, healthcare service delivery, and regional disparities. Participants highlighted barriers such as transportation costs, inability to afford prescribed medications, and negative interactions with healthcare staff in public institutions.

conclusionsThe findings suggest that to improve the adequacy, quality, and inclusiveness of primary healthcare services in Turkey, socioeconomic and regional inequalities must be minimized, and service delivery models should be diversified to meet the needs of vulnerable populations.

Indexed as

Healthcare DisparitiesHealth Services AccessibilityPovertyPregnant PeoplePrimary Health CareAccess to Primary CareAdultFemaleHumansPregnancyQualitative ResearchSocioeconomic Disparities in HealthTurkeyYoung AdultAccess to primary health careHealth inequalityMaternal healthPovertyPregnancy

Identifiers

PMID41776441
PMCPMC13067725

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.