Floquet angular modulation for 6G systems.

Bilel Hamdi, Radhoine Aloui, Adel Sharar Aldalbahi, Tijeni Delleji, Sofien Mhatli, Taoufik Aguili, Ignacio Llamas-Garro, Ahmed Siala

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Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Bilel HamdiLaboratory of Communication Systems Sys'Com (LR-99-ES21), National Engineering School of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, BP.37 Le Belvédère, Tunis, 1002, Tunisia. hbilel.enit@gmail.com.

Radhoine Aloui *Science and Technology for Defense Lab (STD), Military Research Center, Aouina Military Base Taieb Mhiri City, 2045, Tunis, Tunisia.

Adel Sharar Aldalbahi *Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Faisal University, 31982, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.

Tijeni Delleji *Science and Technology for Defense Lab (STD), Military Research Center, Aouina Military Base Taieb Mhiri City, 2045, Tunis, Tunisia.

Sofien Mhatli *SERCOM-Lab (LR13ES09), Tunis Polytechnic School, University of Carthage, Khawarizmi Street, P.O. Box 743, 2078, Al Marsa, Tunis, Tunisia.

Taoufik Aguili *Laboratory of Communication Systems Sys'Com (LR-99-ES21), National Engineering School of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, BP.37 Le Belvédère, Tunis, 1002, Tunisia.

Ignacio Llamas-Garro *Centre Tecnologic de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya (CTTC/CERCA), Av. Carl Friedrich Gauss 7, Castelldefels, 08860, Barcelona, Spain.

Ahmed Siala *Science and Technology for Defense Lab (STD), Military Research Center, Aouina Military Base Taieb Mhiri City, 2045, Tunis, Tunisia.

Funding

Deanship of Scientific Research, Vice Presidency for Graduate Studies and Scientific Research, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia Grant No. KFU260126

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This paper introduces a computationally efficient method for angular modulation analysis in 5G/6G systems, significantly reducing numerical complexity and computation time compared to conventional techniques. Inspired by optical spectroscopy, we present novel approaches tailored for 5G/6G applications like reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) and metasurfaces. Unlike traditional direct methods (Fourier, Jones matrix, Bessel series, orbital angular momentum), our technique employs a modified Fourier method combined with Floquet analysis.

Identifiers

PMID41776240

DOI10.1038/s41598-026-42429-8

PMCPMC12979583

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.