Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41776160›Full record

ArticleLight, science & applications2026

Super-resolution functional photoacoustic microscopy via label-free cell tracking.

Fenghe Zhong, Zhuoying Wang, Youngseop Lee, Jiaxiao Han, Naidi Sun, Shuo Yang, Shengyun Ji, Hao F Zhang, Cheng Sun, Song Hu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Light, science & applications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Photoacoustics · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Fenghe Zhong *Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
Zhuoying Wang *Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
Youngseop LeeDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1978-3431
Jiaxiao HanDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
Naidi SunDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
Shuo YangDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9085-5085
Shengyun JiDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
Hao F ZhangDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5089-1196
Cheng SunDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2744-0896
Song HuDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA. songhu@wustl.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5760-8012

Funding

TR&D Project 3: Photoacoustic Detection of Metal Fluxes at the Tissue LevelP41GM135018 · NIGMS · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY · PI JACOBSEN, CHRIS JOHNSON, O'HALLORAN, THOMAS V · 2020 to 2024
$5.8M
Integrating TPM and PAM to examine the metabolic underpinning of neurovascular repair after strokeR01NS120481 · NINDS · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI HU, SONG, LEE, JIN-MOO · 2021 to 2025
$3.1M
CMRO2 and Uncoupling of Oxidative-Phosphorylation in Experimental HIER01NS125677 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA · PI Song Hu, Chia-Yi Kuan · 2022 to 2026
$2.8M
Photoacoustic Microscopy of the Awake Mouse BrainR01NS099261 · NINDS · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI HU, SONG · 2017 to 2021
$1.7M
Imaging and Reversibility of Cellular and Network Metabolic Dysfunction in Alzheimer's DiseaseR01AG079503 · NIA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI ADAM Q BAUER, Manu S Goyal · 2025 to 2026
$1.4M
National Science Foundation (NSF) 202988NIA NIH HHS R01 AG079503NIGMS NIH HHS P41 GM135018NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS099261NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS120481NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS125677U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) NS099261, NS120481, NS125677, AG079503U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) P41GM135018
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Microvascular function and oxygen metabolism are central to tissue and organ health. However, label-free methods for imaging oxygen dynamics in three-dimensional (3D) microvascular networks at the level of single red blood cells (RBCs)-the fundamental units of oxygen transport in vivo-remain lacking. Here, we introduce super-resolution functional photoacoustic microscopy (SR-fPAM), which spatiotemporally tracks RBC movements under dual-wavelength excitation. SR-fPAM reconstructs super-resolved 3D microvascular architecture comparable to two-photon microscopy while providing quantitative measurements of RBC flow and oxygenation. In live mice, SR-fPAM revealed redistribution of oxygen and hemodynamics across 3D microvascular networks following a single-vessel stroke. These findings establish SR-fPAM as an enabling tool that bridges a critical gap in oxygen-metabolism imaging and opens new avenues for studying microvascular health and disease with unprecedented functional insights.

Identifiers

PMID41776160
PMCPMC12957476

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.