ArticleFolia microbiologica2026
Molecular mechanisms of cadmium uptake in Amanita muscaria: the role of AmNRAMP1.
Article in Folia microbiologica, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Amanita muscaria is known to accumulate high levels of Cd, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, a putative NRAMP transporter, AmNRAMP1, from A. muscaria was identified and characterized. This gene encodes a protein comprising 573 amino acids, with 11 predicted transmembrane domains and conserved NRAMP motifs. Functional complementation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants revealed that AmNRAMP1 specifically mediates Mn2+ transport, exhibiting no detectable Fe2+ and Zn2+ transport activity. Interestingly, AmNRAMP1 also facilitated Cd2+ uptake, resulting in increased Cd accumulation and reduced IC50Cd values in Cd-sensitive yeast cells. Uptake assays confirmed enhanced Mn and Cd accumulation in yeast cells heterologously expressing AmNRAMP1, while mycelial experiments revealed that Cd accumulation is attenuated by Mn availability, suggesting a metal substitution effect. This study provides the first functional characterization of an NRAMP transporter in A. muscaria and establishes AmNRAMP1 as a possible contributor to fungal Cd accumulation.
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