ArticleNature immunology2026
Autologous neutralizing antibodies and polyfunctional T cells contribute to long-term HIV-1 post-intervention control.
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Article in Nature immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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2citing papers in PubMed
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Antigen Stimulation Reactivates HIV-1 Proviruses Despite Integration in Repressive Chromatin.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Modeling quantifies in vivo neutralization, Fc-mediated killing, and resistance in human clinical trials of five anti-HIV broadly neutralizing antibodies.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
42 authors.
Katie Fisher *Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8732-706X
Mauro A Garcia *Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Giacomo S Frattari *Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7765-6428
Chloé Naasz *Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Junlin Zhuo *Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5311-6707
Miriam Rosás-UmbertDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2850-6586
Lisa L DietzDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1797-5766
Anna Karina JuhlDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
Emma Falling IversenDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2770-1942
Rikke OlesenDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
Mariane H SchleimannDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
Marie H PahusDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
Isik S JohansenDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
Merle HendersonDepartment of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK.
Leah CarrereRagon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Isabelle RosetoRagon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-2976-0720
Ce GaoRagon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3775-790X
Xu G YuRagon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Emily J FrayDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5850-6237
Beril AydinDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0004-4416-8726
Donald LubbeckDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0004-6093-0602
Jun LaiDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Francesco R SimonettiDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4165-660X
Ali DaneshDivision of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Itzayana MillerDivision of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9199-8985
Pilar MendozaLaboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
Julia NiesslResearch Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8852-1924
Christian GaeblerLaboratory of Translational Immunology of Viral Infections, Department of Infectious Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7295-8128
Michael S SeamanCenter for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Daniel E KaufmannResearch Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Clara LehmannDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Henning GruellGerman Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0725-7138
Florian KleinGerman Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1376-1792
Marina CaskeyLaboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1727-8693
Michel C NussenzweigLaboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0592-8564
Martin TolstrupDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7020-5173
R Brad JonesDivision of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4470-1231
Jesper D GunstDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3787-0259
Janet D SilicianoDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6712-3775
Mathias LichterfeldRagon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9865-8350
Robert F SilicianoDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1764-1993
Ole S SøgaardDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark. olesoega@rm.dk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9107-2023
Funding
Support Component D/Vaccine Discovery, Concept to ClinicUM1AI100663 · NIAID · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI AHMED, RAFI · 2012 to 2018
$131.5MREACH: Research Enterprise to Advance a Cure for HIVUM1AI164565 · NIAID · WEILL MEDICAL COLL OF CORNELL UNIV · PI Marina Caskey, R. Brad Jones · 2021 to 2026
$32.9MProject 3 - Dynamics of latent HIV-1 reservoirs: High resolution antigenic mapping and strategies to block reboundU54AI170752 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI Priyamvada Acharya · 2022 to 2026
$32.0MFirst-in-human study of two anti-SARS CoV-2 antibodies in health volunteersUM1AI126620 · NIAID · WISTAR INSTITUTE · PI MONTANER, LUIS J, RILEY, JAMES L. · 2016 to 2021
$24.5MCombined Immunologic Approaches to Cure HIV-1UM1AI126603 · NIAID · BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER · PI BAROUCH, DAN H., MELLORS, JOHN W · 2016 to 2020
$23.6MOptimization of Fc effector activity of anti-HIV antibodies to target HIV reservoirR01AI129795 · NIAID · ROCKEFELLER UNIVERSITY · PI NUSSENZWEIG, MICHEL C, RAVETCH, JEFFREY VICTOR · 2017 to 2021
$4.2MInvestigating antigen-driven clonal proliferation to target HIV-1 persistenceDP5OD031834 · OD · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI SIMONETTI, FRANCESCO ROBERTO · 2021 to 2025
$2.0MDet Frie Forskningsråd (Danish Council for Independent Research) 3101-00360BDet Frie Forskningsråd (Danish Council for Independent Research) 7016-00022EC | EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020 | H2020 Priority Excellent Science | H2020 European Research Council (H2020 Excellent Science - European Research Council) 101162138Gates Foundation INV-002705Gates Foundation INV-008540Gates Foundation INV-036842Gouvernement du Canada | Canadian Institutes of Health Research (Instituts de Recherche en Santé du Canada) 152977Lundbeckfonden (Lundbeck Foundation) R313-2019-790Lundbeckfonden (Lundbeck Foundation) R381-2021-1405NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI129795NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI100663NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI126603NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI126620NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI164565U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) 1P01AI178376U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) 1R01AI184285U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) AI152979U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) AI155171U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) AI176579U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) AI184094U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) DA047034U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) MH134823U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) U54AI170752U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) UM1 AI12661U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) UM1 AI-144462U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) UM1AI164565U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) 1R01AI184285U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) UM1AI164565U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) DP5OD031834
Abstract
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) interruption typically leads to rapid HIV-1 viral rebound in people with HIV-1. To develop an HIV-1 cure, insight into immunological mechanisms capable of preventing HIV-1 viral rebound is urgently needed. Here, we describe three exceptional post-intervention controllers (PICs) who maintained ART-free virological control for >6.5 years (ongoing), >7.5 years (ongoing) and 2.5 years following administration of broadly neutralizing antibodies. PICs had quantifiable genetically intact/inducible infectious proviral reservoirs that were increasingly clonal and located in nongenic/centromeric chromosomal regions, indicating immune-mediated selection. Potent autologous neutralizing antibodies and polyfunctional HIV-1-specific CD4
Indexed as
Antibodies, NeutralizingCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesHIV-1HIV AntibodiesHIV InfectionsAdultFemaleHumansMaleViral LoadAntibodies, NeutralizingHIV Antibodies
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.