Trial reportJournal of psychiatric research2026
Tai Chi and wellness for Gulf War Illness: Combined analysis of in-person and remote randomized controlled trials.
Trial report in Journal of psychiatric research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundVeterans with Gulf War Illness (GWI) experience a wide range of physical, neurological, cognitive, and mood complications that can lead to distressing psychological symptoms. Despite its debilitating impact on physical and psychological functioning, effective treatment options for GWI remain limited. Tai Chi, an ancient Chinese mind-body practice, may be efficacious in reducing GWI symptoms and associated mental health challenges. The present study combined data from two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining a Tai Chi group intervention relative to a Wellness comparison group intervention. Primary outcomes were GWI symptoms (health symptoms, pain interference, fatigue, and depressed mood), with secondary outcomes including anxiety, stress, sleep disturbances, mindfulness, health-related quality of life, and PTSD symptoms. We also evaluated whether treatment delivery modality (in-person versus remote) influenced outcomes.
methodsParticipants were 114 veterans with GWI and chronic pain. They completed self-report measures at baseline, posttreatment, 3-month follow-up, and 9-month follow-up.
resultsPreliminary multilevel modeling indicated that treatment modality (in-person versus remote) did not significantly influence outcomes. Both Tai Chi and Wellness interventions were associated with improvements in health symptoms, pain interference, depression, anxiety, mindfulness, mental and physical health-related quality of life, and PTSD symptoms.
conclusionsTai Chi and Wellness group interventions may demonstrate similar efficacy in improving GWI symptoms and mental health outcomes among veterans with GWI and chronic pain. These interventions can be delivered in-person and remotely with comparable therapeutic benefits, offering flexible and accessible treatment options for this underserved population.
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