ArticleMedical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre2026
Investigation of <italic>CLDN5</italic> Gene 3' Untranslated Region rs10314 Polymorphism and Protein Levels in Children and Adolescents with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Molecular and Clinical Correlation Study.
Article in Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
<p>Introduction: This study aimed to examine the association between the rs10314 polymorphism in the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of the CLDN5 gene and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and to evaluate the serum claudin-5 levels in relation to genotype and clinical severity.
methodsA total of 323 participants were included: 159 drug-naïve children and adolescents diagnosed with ADHD and 163 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Genotyping for rs10314 was conducted using a TaqMan® allelic discrimination assay, and serum claudin-5 concentrations were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. ADHD severity was assessed using the Turgay DSM-IV-based ADHD Rating Scale.
resultsSerum claudin-5 levels were significantly lower in the ADHD group compared with controls (p < 0.001), indicating potential blood-brain barrier dysfunction. The CG genotype was more common in controls (p = 0.021), suggesting a protective effect. Claudin-5 levels did not vary across genotypes, and no correlation was observed between protein levels and clinical severity.
conclusionThis is the first study to assess both rs10314 and claudin-5 in ADHD and suggests that CLDN5 genetic variation and reduced claudin-5 expression may contribute to ADHD pathophysiology. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and clarify their clinical implications. </p>.
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