Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41774355›Full record

ArticleRice (New York, N.Y.)2026

Interrelationships Between Appearance Quality and Starch and Protein Structures in Superior and Inferior Grains of Soft and Non-Soft Rice.

Xi Chen, Jianghui Yu, Ying Zhu, Guodong Liu, Guangyan Li, Fangfu Xu, Qun Hu, Jiale Cao, Hongcheng Zhang, Haiyan Wei

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Rice (New York, N.Y.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Xi ChenJiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
Jianghui YuJiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
Ying ZhuJiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
Guodong LiuJiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
Guangyan LiJiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
Fangfu XuJiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
Qun HuJiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
Jiale CaoJiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
Hongcheng ZhangJiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
Haiyan WeiJiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China. wei_haiyan@163.com.

Funding

the Changzhou Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Center Project CAIC(2023)005the Collaborative Promotion Project for Major Agricultural Technologies 2024-ZYXT-03-1the Earmarked Fund for CARS Rice, CARS-01the National Key Research Program of China 2022YFD2301401the National Natural Science Foundation of China 32372215, 32372212, 32201891the Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province KYCX24_3790the Priority Subject Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study investigates the material foundations underpinning the variations in appearance quality among different types of japonica rice and within different grain positions, thereby providing a theoretical basis for enhancing the quality of soft rice varieties. The experimental results indicate that relative to non-soft rice, soft varieties demonstrate markedly higher levels of chalkiness and reduced transparency in both grain classifications. Structural analyses indicate that soft rice grains, particularly the inferior ones, exhibit lower amylose content along with higher proportions of small starch granules and Fa chains, alongside enhanced crystallinity and short-range order. These characteristics compromise the crystalline integrity and amplify light scattering. Furthermore, the protein network in soft rice is characterized by increased levels of albumin and glutelin, a reduction in prolamin content, and a transition towards α-helix and random coil structures. These changes suggest a diminished integration of starch and protein and introduce spatial limitations. The compounded defects across multiple scales in starch and protein structures are more accentuated in inferior grains, leading to enhanced porosity and optical heterogeneity within the endosperm. This synergistic degradation of starch and protein architectures emerges as the primary mechanism responsible for the relatively poor appearance quality of soft rice.

Indexed as

Appearance qualityGrain positionProteinRiceStarch

Identifiers

PMID41774355
PMCPMC13062038

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.