Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41774280›Full record

ArticleWorld journal of microbiology & biotechnology2026

Enhancing vibriosis vaccination in fish: genetically modified Nannochloropsis sp. as an oral vaccine carrier.

Aisamuddin Ardi Zainal Abidin, Nor Izzati Husna Noorhisham, Fatimah Md Yusoff, Abdul Rahman Omar, Khatijah Yusoff, Saila Ismail, Mohd Ezuan Khayat, Murni Marlina Abd Karim, Ina Salwany Md Yasin, Chou Min Chong and 1 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in World journal of microbiology & biotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Aisamuddin Ardi Zainal AbidinDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia.
Nor Izzati Husna NoorhishamAquatic Animal Health and Therapeutics (AquaHealth), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia.
Fatimah Md YusoffDepartment of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia.
Abdul Rahman OmarDepartment of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia.
Khatijah YusoffMalaysian Genome and Vaccine Institute, National institutes of Biotechnology Malaysia, Jalan Bangi, Kajang, Selangor, 43000, Malaysia.
Saila IsmailDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia.
Mohd Ezuan KhayatDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia.
Murni Marlina Abd KarimAquatic Animal Health and Therapeutics (AquaHealth), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia.
Ina Salwany Md YasinAquatic Animal Health and Therapeutics (AquaHealth), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia.
Chou Min ChongAquatic Animal Health and Therapeutics (AquaHealth), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia.
Zetty Norhana Balia YusofDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia. zettynorhana@upm.edu.my.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7414-5689

Funding

Kementerian Sains, Teknologi dan Inovasi 5543600Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia 6369100
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Vibriosis, caused by Vibrio species, threatens marine aquaculture worldwide. Traditional vaccination methods are labor-intensive, expensive, and stressful for fish. This study investigates genetically modified Nannochloropsis sp. as a novel oral vaccine carrier against vibriosis. Using homologous recombination, nitrate reductase gene was targeted to integrate an expression cassette containing the outer membrane protein kinase (OmpK) gene from V. harveyi. Transformed microalgae were generated through electroporation and screened with bleomycin. Transgenic lines were validated at genomic, transcriptional, and translational levels. The transgenic microalgae were incorporated into fish feed to assess vaccine efficacy in fish model for infectious disease, zebrafish (Danio rerio). Immune responses were analyzed by examining IgZ, TNF-α, and IL-1β gene expression. Efficacy was evaluated through histopathology and relative percentage of survival (RPS) following bacterial challenge. Results confirmed successful transformation, with microalgae surviving bleomycin screening at 30 µgml

Indexed as

Bacterial VaccinesFish DiseasesMicroalgaeStramenopilesVaccinationVibrio InfectionsAdministration, OralAnimalsAquacultureVibrioZebrafishBacterial VaccinesAquaculture disease managementCRISPR/Cas9Homologous recombinationImmunostimulationTransgenic microalgae

Identifiers

PMID41774280

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.