ArticleFish physiology and biochemistry2026
Biological alterations of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) microplastics on Danio rerio at environmentally relevant concentrations - risk assessment.
Article in Fish physiology and biochemistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Plastics as disruptors of feeding, digestive physiology, metabolism, and growth in fish and other aquatic ectothermic vertebrates.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are one of the fastest-growing sources of pollution and have become a substantial risk to both the environment and human health. Hence, the present investigation was conducted to assess the potential toxic effects of Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) MPs (Treatment I- 3 µg/L and Treatment II- 30 µg/L) on D. rerio for 20 days. The PVC-MPs were characterised by SEM, XRD, DLS and FTIR analyses, and their presence was confirmed in the gastrointestinal tract of the fish. When compare to the control group, the studied locomotive, behavioural, blood (haematology) and tissue (gill, gut and brain) biomarkers (SOD, GST, GPx, LPO, AChE, histopathology) were altered significantly (P < 0.05) in the PVC-MPs treatment groups. Locomotive and behavioural responses declined. Among the blood biomarkers, RBC counts were increased significantly in the PVC-MPs treatments. Whereas, WBC counts were decreased. Tissue (gill, gut and brain) SOD and GPx activity was accelerated in the PVC-MPs treated fish. In contrast, the GST activity in the gill, gut, and brain tissues were declined. LPO levels in the gill of the PVC-MPs fish were increased. PVC-MPs inhibited AChE activity in the brain tissue of fish. No visible histological changes were noticed in the control group. Whereas, a series of histological anomalies were visualized in the gill, gut and brain tissues of the PVC-MPs. These biomarker-responses of fish reveals that PVC-MPs is potentially a toxic substance to non-target organisms. The studied locomotory, behavioural, haematological, antioxidants, AChE and histopathology are useful biomarkers to asses potential toxicity of plastic related materials on aquatic organisms.
Indexed as
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.