Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41774190›Full record

ArticleMicrobial ecology2026

Microbial Communities of the Mycoheterotrophic Plant Thismia gardneriana in a Lowland Tropical Rainforest of Southern Thailand.

Nuttapol Noirungsee, Tharnthip Pitaktham, Alisa Nakkaew, Sahut Chantanaorrapint, Lompong Klinnawee

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Microbial ecology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Nuttapol NoirungseeDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
Tharnthip PitakthamDivision of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand.
Alisa NakkaewDivision of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand.
Sahut ChantanaorrapintDivision of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand.
Lompong KlinnaweeDivision of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand. lompong.k@psu.ac.th.

Funding

National Research Council of Thailand N25A650472
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mycoheterotrophic plants in the genus Thismia (Thismiaceae) depend entirely on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for carbon and nutrient acquisition, but the environmental conditions and microbial communities governing their seasonal occurrence remain poorly understood. We investigated how seasonal variation in soil properties and microbial communities correlates with the emergence of Thismia gardneriana in a lowland tropical rainforest of southern Thailand. We compared soil physicochemical properties between wet and dry seasons when flowers of T. gardneriana were present and absent, respectively. Using ITS2 and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, we characterized fungal and bacterial communities across three compartments: endosphere, rhizosphere, and bulk soil. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) identity was confirmed through phylogenetic analyses of ITS2 and SSU-ITS-LSU ribosomal DNA sequences, supported by microscopic observation of mycorrhizal structures in root tissues. Here, we showed T. gardneriana flowered at the onset of the wet season in soils with elevated moisture, potassium, magnesium, and calcium, but reduced total and available phosphorus. AMF spore density was significantly higher when flowers emerged. The endosphere harbored a distinct microbial assemblage dominated by Glomeromycota, specifically Rhizophagus species forming Paris-type arbuscules. In contrast, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota dominated soil and rhizosphere fungal communities. Bacterial communities showed compartment-specific differentiation, with the endosphere enriched in nitrogen-fixing taxa, especially Rhizobium and chitin-degrading Puia bacteria in Chitinophagaceae, while the rhizosphere exhibited the highest microbial diversity. These findings reveal that T. gardneriana flowering is associated with seasonal soil conditions and that this mycoheterotrophic plant actively harbors specialized microbial communities in its roots and rhizosphere, suggesting complex multi-kingdom interactions essential for its survival in tropical rainforest ecosystems.

Indexed as

BacteriaFungiMicrobiotaMycorrhizaeSoil MicrobiologyPhylogenyPlant RootsRainforestRhizosphereRNA, Ribosomal, 16SSeasonsSoilThailandTropical ClimateRNA, Ribosomal, 16SSoilarbuscular mycorrhizal fungibacterial communitiesmycoheterotrophyRhizophagusseasonal ecologyThismia gardnerianatropical rainforest

Identifiers

PMID41774190
PMCPMC13013382

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.