Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41774008›Full record

ArticleFamily process2026

Using the Educator-Student Relationship in Mental Health Education to Teach Relational Processes.

Kelly Duggan Shearer

Abstract readScoping Review
In one paragraph

Article in Family process, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Kelly Duggan ShearerDepartment of Counseling and Family Sciences, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7010-3891

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Clinical education requires both conceptual mastery and relational aptitude. Developing therapeutic presence through content mastery alone may fall short because relational skills are learned through attuned relationships. Relational teaching in mental health education espouses the use of the educator-student relationship to foster relational skills. This scoping review implemented a constant comparison method to identify essential components of relational teaching in mental health education between 2003 and 2025 and examine how they work together to promote students' development. Analysis of 15 articles on relational teaching in mental health education revealed four essential components: role clarity, restoration, reflexive responsivity, and (co)regulation. I organized these findings into a model, The Relational Teaching Clock, which depicts the relationship between these concepts as interdependent, framing (co)regulation as a foundational principle of relational teaching. This model challenges dominant narratives that espouse competition and independent success by inviting educators to facilitate relationships with students that intentionally promote students' personal healing. The Relational Teaching Clock provides a concise model, based on existing evidence, to guide the development of relational skills necessary for therapeutic relationships.

Indexed as

Interpersonal RelationsMental HealthTeachingHumansclinical educationcounselor educationregulationrelational‐cultural theoryrelational teaching

Identifiers

PMID41774008
PMCPMC12955758

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.