Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41773128›Full record

ArticleCureus2026

Aquagenic Wrinkling of the Palms as a Screening Indicator for Cystic Fibrosis Beyond Infancy.

Alexios Alexopoulos, Dimitrios Ntokos, Despina Briana, Louiza Kontara, Giorgos Chouliaras, Christina Kanaka-Gantenbein, Christina Stefanaki, Lamprini Nasi

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In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Alexios AlexopoulosFirst Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Agia Sophia Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC.
Dimitrios NtokosDepartment of Surveying and Geoinformatics Engineering, School of Engineering, University of West Attica, Egaleo, GRC.
Despina BrianaNeonatal Intensive Care Unit, Third Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Attikon Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC.
Louiza KontaraDepartment of Paediatrics, North Middlesex University Hospital, London, GBR.
Giorgos ChouliarasSecond Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Aglaia Kyriakou Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC.
Christina Kanaka-GantenbeinFirst Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Agia Sophia Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC.
Christina StefanakiFirst Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Andreas Sygros Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC.
Lamprini NasiFirst Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Agia Sophia Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Aquagenic wrinkling of the palms (AWP) has been associated with cystic fibrosis (CF) and may support screening approaches beyond infancy in low-resource settings. We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy and reproducibility of a standardized brief immersion in water (BIW) test in 100 children with genetically confirmed CF, 50 heterozygous CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) mutation carriers, and 100 age-matched healthy controls. Both hands were immersed in tap water (22-24°C) for 11 minutes and assessed at 3, 7, and 11 minutes. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was measured after immersion using a portable VapoMeter. Early AWP at three minutes occurred in 68/100 (68%) CF patients, 4/50 (8%) CFTR heterozygous carriers, and 0/100 (0%) controls (p < 0.01); at the three-year follow-up, 35/50 (70%) CF patients again showed early wrinkling. Wrinkling with papule formation at seven minutes provided optimal discrimination (94% sensitivity, 98.3% specificity). A TEWL threshold ≥ 203 g/m²/h further differentiated CF from non-CF participants (86% sensitivity, 98% specificity). The BIW test is rapid, reproducible, and feasible in resource-limited settings; thus, a positive seven-minute response should prompt confirmatory testing (e.g., sweat chloride and/or CFTR genotyping).

Indexed as

aquagenic wrinkling of the palmsbiw testcystic fibrosisdiagnostic screeningpediatric dermatologytransepidermal water loss

Identifiers

PMID41773128
PMCPMC12949842

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.