ArticlePharmacoepidemiology and drug safety2026
Safety of Short-Term Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Use for Uncomplicated Cystitis: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study.
Article in Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Validation of an AI-Assisted Framework for Systematic Bias Assessment in Observational Studies.Journal of evaluation in clinical practice · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTrimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) is associated with hypersensitivity and other adverse reactions. East Asian-specific genetic susceptibility may increase severe adverse events, limiting the therapeutic use of TMP-SMX for uncomplicated cystitis in Japan. However, data on its short-term safety in this population are scarce. This study compared the short-term safety of TMP-SMX with fluoroquinolones for the treatment of uncomplicated cystitis using a nationwide Japanese claims database.
methodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study using the JMDC Claims Database (2006-2022). We included female outpatients aged ≥ 18 years with acute uncomplicated cystitis who were newly treated with TMP-SMX or fluoroquinolones (levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, or tosufloxacin). The primary outcome was drug-induced hypersensitivity (anaphylaxis or treatment-requiring rash) within 7 days after the prescription of these drugs. The secondary outcomes included treatment failure, all-cause hospitalization, and other adverse events. Propensity score-overlap weighting was applied to adjust for confounding. Subgroup analyses were stratified by age (< 50 or ≥ 50 years).
resultsAmong 50 773 eligible patients (TMP-SMX, 2.1%; fluoroquinolones, 97.9%), the baseline characteristics were well balanced after weighting. The incidence of hypersensitivity did not differ significantly between the groups (0.9% vs. 0.7%; risk difference, 0.3%; 95% confidence interval, -0.3% to 0.8%; p = 0.410). No significant differences were observed for secondary outcomes. Subgroup analyses showed consistent results.
conclusionsShort-term use of TMP-SMX was not associated with increased risks of adverse events or treatment failure compared with fluoroquinolones. TMP-SMX may represent a reasonable first-line option for acute uncomplicated cystitis in Japan.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.