Observational studyBMC infectious diseases2026
Serial blood serum measurements of calprotectin and deoxyribonuclease in COVID-19 patients during hospitalization and recovery until one year: a prospective, multicenter, observational study.
Observational study in BMC infectious diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo examine circulating calprotectin and deoxyribonuclease (DNase) serum levels during hospitalization in COVID-19 patients, their continuity post-discharge and dynamics in relation to disease severity.
methodsSerum levels were measured in samples collected from 252 COVID-19 patients during hospitalization (admission, days 3-5 and 7-10), at 3 months and after 1 year, and related to admission to intensive care unit (ICU) or high dependency unit (HDU), and 60-day total mortality.
resultsDuring hospitalization, calprotectin and DNase levels were significantly elevated compared to healthy controls (HC). Calprotectin was increased in ICU/HDU patients compared to those at wards during hospitalization and in non-survivors compared to survivors during prolonged hospitalization. High calprotectin levels at admission were associated with male sex, PaO2/FiO2 ratio and national COVID-19 wave 2 and 3 compared to wave 1. High admission levels of both calprotectin and ferritin were associated with an approximately twofold higher odds ratio for ICU/HDU admission than either marker alone. DNase was lower at admission in non-survivors compared to survivors. Post-discharge, DNase but not calprotectin levels remained elevated extending to 1-year follow-up compared to HC.
conclusionsCOVID‑19 non‑survivors showed persistently higher calprotectin levels during prolonged hospitalization, and elevated admission calprotectin was associated with later pandemic waves and poorer oxygenation. Incorporating calprotectin with ferritin improved prediction of ICU/HDU admission. DNase levels were lower at admission in non‑survivors, while overall DNase remained elevated from hospitalization through 1‑year follow‑up compared with HC, suggesting a possible role in long‑term COVID‑19-related immune alterations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.