ArticleBMC nephrology2026
Renal failure mortality, 1999-2022: exploring demographic and regional trends and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Article in BMC nephrology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRenal failure, including acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), represents a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality. Previous studies of CDC WONDER data related to renal diseases have not tracked mortality into the pandemic years, and have not analyzed disparities in deaths from renal failure specifically. Our study addresses these two gaps.
methodsRenal failure-related mortality data were extracted from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) database and stratified into different demographic and geographic groups. Statistically significant trends in mortality over time were identified using Joinpoint regression.
resultsOverall age-adjusted mortality rate from renal failure increased from 1999 to 2003 with annual percent change of 3.17 (95% CI 2.16 to 4.35), decreased from 2003 to 2012 with annual percent change − 1.11 (95% CI -2.01 to -0.83), remained stable from 2012 to 2020 with APC − 0.53 (95% CI -0.91 to 0.17), and increased from 2020 to 2022 with APC 4.11 (95% CI 2.06 to 5.28) during the years of the COVID-19 pandemic. Many demographic and regional groups followed similar trends. Males, Black or African Americans, and the elderly had significantly higher renal failure-related mortality rates than their demographic counterparts. The West census region had significantly lower renal failure-related mortality rates than the other census regions.
conclusionThere were significant increases in renal failure mortality rates from 2020 to 2022, reversing nearly two decades of declining rates. While our study cannot provide causal analysis, this increase maps neatly onto the years of the COVID-19 pandemic. Several demographic and regional disparities were noted. Strength of conclusions are limited by the data source, which does not allow us to adjust for comorbidities or socioeconomic factors, and relies entirely on death certificates.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.