ArticleArchives of women's mental health2026
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder medication use and cardiometabolic conditions in pregnancy: a population-based cohort study.
Article in Archives of women's mental health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeUse of medications to treat attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is increasingly prevalent among women of reproductive age, but little is understood about their potential cardiometabolic effects in pregnancy. We aimed to examine associations between ADHD medication use and cardiometabolic conditions during pregnancy (gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and gestational diabetes) and the pharmacological treatment thereof.
methodsLinking statewide hospital and dispensing data, we conducted a population-based matched cohort study of women who gave birth between January 2014 and June 2021 in New South Wales, Australia (n = 312,697). We compared the incidence of cardiometabolic conditions and cardiometabolic medication use during pregnancy among women who used ADHD medications during pregnancy (n = 336) with a 1:10 matched cohort of unexposed women, and with women who used ADHD medications in the 12 months before pregnancy (n = 252). We used Poisson regression models to calculate risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusting for sociodemographic and pregnancy-related factors.
resultsCompared with unexposed women, women who used ADHD medications during pregnancy had an increased risk of gestational hypertension (adjusted RR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.20-2.57) and gestational diabetes (aRR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.09-1.82), with slightly elevated risk estimates for preeclampsia (aRR: 1.30, 95% CI: 0.82-2.05) and cardiometabolic medication use (aRR: 1.40, 95% CI: 0.97-2.01). Compared with women who used ADHD medications before pregnancy only, risk estimates attenuated for all outcomes except gestational diabetes (aRR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.06-2.93).
conclusionsWomen using ADHD medications had an elevated incidence of cardiometabolic conditions during pregnancy, but it remains unclear to what extent this is attributable to medications rather than the underlying ADHD.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.