Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41772052›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Integrative transcriptome and genome resequencing reveals conserved flowering regulators and allelic variants in early- and late-flowering linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) accessions.

Deepa Pal, Daniya Shahid, Ankit Saroha, Akash, Vikender Kaur, J Aravind, M Z Abdin, S Rajkumar, Rakesh Singh, Gyanendra Pratap Singh and 1 more

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Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Deepa Pal *ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India.
Daniya Shahid *ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India.
Ankit SarohaICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India.
AkashICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India.
Vikender KaurICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India.
J AravindICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India.
M Z AbdinDepartment of Biotecnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.
S RajkumarICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India.
Rakesh SinghICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India.
Gyanendra Pratap SinghICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India.
Dhammaprakash Pandhari WankhedeICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India. wdhammaprakash@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6384-8664

Funding

Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India No. BT/Ag/Network/Linseed/2019-20
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Flaxseed/Linseed (Linum usitatissimum) is an annual crop of economic importance due to its diverse applications in food, nutraceuticals, and industry. Flowering time is a crucial trait in linseed; however, the gene expression landscapes underlying its regulation remain poorly characterized, constraining its understanding and effective application in crop improvement. Here, an integrative transcriptome and genome resequencing approach was used to identify key flowering regulators and allelic variants. Transcriptome sequencing of reproductive tissues including floral bud at two developmental stages, flower, and two vegetative tissues (leaf and stem) in two early flowering linseed genotypes, IC0523807 and IC0525939 were performed. A total of 47.4 GB of filtered data was obtained from 20 datasets, resulting in 34,869 mapped transcripts. Differential expression analysis between vegetative tissues vs. reproductive tissues in different combinations revealed a total of 14,244 differentially expressed genes, with 67 GO and 161 KEGG enriched terms. Several DEGs were involved in auxin, cytokinin, gibberellic acid, and abscisic acid signal transduction pathways. From the 109 major Arabidopsis flowering gene orthologs identified in linseed, 54 were differentially expressed, whereas 46 of the 143 putative candidate genes reported in earlier association studies were also represented among the differentially expressed genes. Overall, by integrating a three-way strategy involving differential gene expression, flowering gene orthologs, and candidate genes for flowering, three promising genes were identified, namely, flowering locus T (FT), the flowering repressor APETALA2-like transcription factor SCHLAFMÜTZE (SMZ), and a Dof-type domain-containing protein (CDF3). The whole-genome resequencing of two early- and late-flowering genotypes was performed, unravelling allelic variations in key flowering candidate genes, including AGAMOUS-like 19 (AGL19), della protein, flowering locus K (FLK), Target of EAT1 (TOE1), and Late Elongated Hypocotyl (LHY). This study provides a detailed insight into gene expression profile of early-flowering linseed genotypes, highlighting key flowering pathways, regulators and allelic variants of flowering associated genes.

Indexed as

FlaxFlowersGenome, PlantTranscriptomeAllelesGene Expression ProfilingGene Expression Regulation, PlantPlant ProteinsPlant ProteinsAllelesCandidate genesEarly floweringFloweringFlowering genesTranscriptome

Identifiers

PMID41772052
PMCPMC13056945

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