ArticleNano-micro letters2026
An Integrated Flexible Bioelectrical and Biochemical Monitoring System Based on Spindle-Structured Directional Sweat-Pumping Nanomesh.
Article in Nano-micro letters, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Wearable Electronics for Precision Diagnosis Through Advanced Manufacturing and Integration.Nano-micro letters · 2026Review
- Research progress in exercise-induced fatigue monitoring and injury early warning based on flexible sensing textiles and deep learning.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
19 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Wearable epidermal monitoring holds significant importance in health assessment. However, current electronic skins are limited by poor conformability caused by sweat accumulation, discomfort from low breathability and single signal, making long-term, stable, and high-throughput signal recording much challenging. In this study, a spindle-structured directional sweat-pumping nanomesh (SDSN) is developed via electrospinning. By combining multiple asymmetries, including wettability, pore size, and spindle-knots structure, the SDSN establishes synergistic forces that enable unidirectional liquid transport at a rate over 1000 times faster than human sweat production during exercise. To demonstrate the advantages in fluid guidance, a dual-architecture and dual-perspective comparative model framework is constructed. The introduction of Au nanomesh as electrodes allows the Au nanomesh electrode to simultaneously monitor electrochemical and electrophysiological signals, while maintaining excellent skin conformability and motion stability. Additionally, a nanomesh-encapsulated flexible circuit is developed capable of continuous wireless monitoring. This system shows potential for correlation analysis of metabolic energy output and cardiovascular response, making it an ideal tool for health management during intense physical labor and exercise.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.