Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41770377›Full record

ReviewCancer metastasis reviews2026

CAR-T cell therapy for pediatric solid tumors: armored CAR-T cells and beyond.

Jeremy Wells, Ajay Gupta

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cancer metastasis reviews, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Jeremy WellsJacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA. jwells2@buffalo.edu.ORCID 0009-0005-8272-5092
Ajay GuptaJacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6074-9847

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

CAR-T cell therapy, which uses endogenous T cells engineered to target specific cancer antigens, is one of the most promising recent developments in the treatment of hematologic malignancies in both children and adults. CAR-T cells have shown tremendous success in treating B-cell lymphoma, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and multiple myeloma, and they are currently FDA-approved for the treatment of six hematologic malignancies. Its success in solid tumors has been more modest, which has been attributed to several factors including the hostile tumor microenvironment (TME), poor persistence of CAR-T cells, and difficulty directing CAR-T cells towards solid tumors. Armored CAR-T cells, which modify the TME via secreted cytokines, have shown early success in the treatment of solid pediatric malignancies. We review recent trials of CAR-T cells to treat common pediatric solid malignancies, including Ewing sarcoma, osteosarcoma, neuroblastoma, diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma, rhabdomyosarcoma, Wilms tumor, and retinoblastoma. We focused particularly on armored CAR-T cells where applicable. Armored CAR-T cells have been utilized to target a variety of tumor-associated antigens on pediatric solid tumors with early successes both in vivo and in vitro, and innovative approaches for addressing their limitations are rapidly being developed.

Indexed as

Immunotherapy, AdoptiveNeoplasmsReceptors, Chimeric AntigenT-LymphocytesAnimalsAntigens, NeoplasmChildHumansReceptors, Antigen, T-CellTumor MicroenvironmentAntigens, NeoplasmReceptors, Antigen, T-CellReceptors, Chimeric AntigenCAR-TImmunotherapyPediatricSolidTumor

Identifiers

PMID41770377
PMCPMC12953346

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.