ArticleInternational journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease2026
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Kazakhstan in a Nationwide Population-Based Epidemiological Study.
Article in International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Efficacy and Safety of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Treating Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease with Osteoporosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2026Pooled it
- Prevalence, Associate Factors, and Disease Awareness of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Large-Scale Cross-Sectional Epidemiological Survey.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2026Article
- The Current Status, Challenges, and Optimization Strategies for Self-Management in Patients with COPD: A Review.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2026Review
- Occupational associations of preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) in a population-based study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
Purpose: Until recently, reports on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Kazakhstan have been sporadic and reflected the disease burden in only one largest city, Almaty. We, therefore, aimed to characterize the prevalence and risk factors of COPD confirmed with a high-quality spirometry in a nationwide population-based study. Patients and Methods: We enrolled 5058 subjects, and hereinafter analyzed complete data for 4626 (age 47; interquartile range (IQR) 31;60 years) participants from the general population from five cities in Kazakhstan representing the West, North, South, East and the central part to fill in a questionnaire and undergo spirometry with bronchodilation. COPD was confirmed when post-bronchodilation forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV Results: Seven percent of the entire group (9% in men vs 6% in women) had COPD. The corresponding prevalence in the group 40 years and older was 10.7% (14.5% in men and 7.6% in women). For ΔFVC, 78% could achieve A or B quality, whereas 83% could attain A or B quality for ΔFEV Conclusion: COPD in Kazakhstan remains a highly underdiagnosed disease. Most COPD patients do not yet have a timely diagnosis and remain untreated. Smoking, occupational exposures and even tuberculosis in the past significantly increase the risk of this disease.
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