ArticleJGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology2026
Frailty Diagnosed With the Clinical Frailty Scale Stratifies the Risk of Covert and Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy in Patients With Cirrhosis.
Article in JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Aims: Frailty predisposes patients with cirrhosis to hepatic encephalopathy (HE). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of frailty on risk stratification for covert HE (CHE) and overt HE (OHE) in patients with cirrhosis. Methods: Hospitalized patients with cirrhosis and without history of OHE were retrospectively included. Frailty was assessed using the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS). Factors associated with CHE and OHE development were evaluated using the logistic regression and Fine-Gray competing risk regression models, respectively. Results: Among 262 patients (median [interquartile range] age, 65 [55-74] years; 154 [58.8%] female), frailty and CHE were identified in 25 (9.5%) and 82 (31.3%) patients, respectively. The prevalence of CHE was higher in patients with frailty than in those without frailty (84.0% vs. 25.7%; Conclusion: Frailty assessed using the CFS is a robust factor to stratify the risk of CHE and OHE development in patients with cirrhosis. Patients with frailty should be screened and carefully monitored for HE.
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