ArticleACS omega2026
Therapeutic Effect of Baicalin-Loaded Thermosensitive Liposomal Hydrogel in Autoimmune Uveitis.
Article in ACS omega, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Hydroxysafflor Yellow A for Diabetic Retinopathy: A Critical Review of Retinal Neurovascular Mechanisms and Systemic-to-Ocular Pharmacokinetic Barriers.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- From gut-reproductive microbiota to ferroptosis: a comprehensive insight into the molecular-pathogenicity of endometriosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Autoimmune uveitis (AU) is a chronic intraocular inflammatory disease that can lead to irreversible vision loss. Current pharmacotherapies are often associated with serious systemic adverse effects, limited ocular bioavailability, and high recurrence rates. Therefore, developing a safe and sustained local delivery system that effectively regulates ocular inflammation remains an urgent clinical challenge. Baicalin (BA) exerts immunomodulatory effects by activating the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), yet its poor solubility and instability hinder its clinical application. To address these limitations, this study developed BA-loaded liposomes (BA-Lip) and incorporated them into a chitosan/β-glycerophosphate (CS/β-GP) thermosensitive hydrogel (BA-Lip@CG) to enable localized and sustained BA delivery for AU treatment, and further evaluated its therapeutic efficacy and underlying mechanisms. BA-Lip and BA-Lip@CG were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and rheological analysis. The biocompatibility of BA-Lip@CG was evaluated in ARPE-19, HCEC, and RAW264.7 cells using the CCK-8 assay, and its in vitro anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects were detected by ELISA and fluorescence staining. In vivo, an experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) mouse model was established, with assessments including clinical scoring, retinal histopathology, ROS staining, ELISA for retinal cytokines, Western blot analysis of AhR expression, and flow cytometry for Treg/Teff subsets. BA-Lip@CG exhibited uniform particle size, a positive zeta potential, rapid in situ gelation at ocular surface temperature, and sustained BA release over 96 h. In vitro, it demonstrated excellent cytocompatibility and significantly suppressed IL-6, IFN-γ, and IL-17A secretion, as well as ROS accumulation, outperforming free BA. In vivo, BA-Lip@CG markedly attenuated ocular inflammation, restored retinal architecture, and decreased oxidative stress in EAU mice. Mechanistically, BA-Lip@CG upregulated retinal AhR expression, increased CD4
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.