ArticleACS omega2026
Protein Electron Transfer in Solution, Protein Powders, and Electrode Confinement.
Article in ACS omega, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Transport of electrons in biological electron transport chains involves interfaces and confinement, while measurements of rates of protein electron transfer and computer simulations are mostly conducted in solutions. Here, we employ molecular dynamics simulations of the azurin protein to compare activation parameters of electron transfer in solution with the corresponding parameters in confinement. We study the redox chemistry of azurin in protein powders and in confinement between two gold slabs, modeling conditions of an electrochemical experiment. The polarizability of the active site of the protein is included in the calculations and is found to be the main factor in lowering the reaction activation barrier. It couples to strong and inhomogeneous electric fields in confinement and protein powders, resulting in an observable reorganization energy of ∼0.1-0.2 eV, comparable to electrochemical measurements. Corresponding low activation barriers, ∼2
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.