ArticleBMJ nutrition, prevention & health2025
Role of maternal alcohol intake during pregnancy in early-life child neurodevelopment: results of the Italian PHIME cohort.
Article in BMJ nutrition, prevention & health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is a well-established risk factor for adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes, particularly at high levels of consumption. The impact of low-to-moderate PAE remains unclear, with mixed results reported. This study investigates the effects of low-level PAE on neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 months in Italian mother-child pairs enrolled in the Italian Northern Adriatic Cohort II, a part of the 'Public health impact of long-term, low-level, mixed element exposure in susceptible population strata' project PHIME. Methods: The study population consisted of 632 children, and their mothers, who were tested with the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development third edition (BSID-III) at 18 months of age. PAE, socio-demographic and lifestyle information was collected through questionnaires at different phases of follow-up. We analysed 605 children born at term (≥37 weeks) with BSID-III data and maternal pregnancy alcohol intake estimates. Multiple linear regression assessed associations between each BSID-III composite score (cognitive, motor, language) and PAE. Results: Mothers' alcohol consumption was very low. The median (25th percentile to 75th percentile) of the weekly alcohol intake of the 605 mothers was 0.3 (0-1.4) drinks and of the children's cognitive, language and motor composite score were 105 (100-110), 97 (91-103) and 100 (97-107), respectively. No significant association was found between maternal alcohol intake and BSID-III cognitive nor language scores. Only a suggestive, non-consistent, inverse association was found between PAE and motor neurodevelopment. Maternal IQ and promotion of child autonomy were directly associated with all neurodevelopmental outcomes. Conclusion: Low levels of PAE were not associated with neurodevelopmental impairment at 18 months, except for possible motor impairment at higher exposures: our findings highlight the predominant influence of maternal IQ and the home environment. Further research, including a broader range of alcohol exposure, is needed to better define potential safety thresholds of PAE on early-life neurodevelopment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.