Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41768431›Full record

ArticleMacromolecules2025

3D-Printed Dual Photo- and Thermally Responsive Materials for Smart Adaptability.

Tao Zhang, Gianni Pacella, Kunlin Chen, Ting Ye, Giuseppe Portale, Vincent S D Voet, Rudy Folkersma, Katja Loos

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Macromolecules, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Encoding and Encryption via Dual-Wavelength 3D Digital Light Processing.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Tao ZhangMacromolecular Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 3, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1845-9990
Gianni PacellaMacromolecular Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 3, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8462-4977
Kunlin ChenMacromolecular Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 3, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1202-1303
Ting YeMacromolecular Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 3, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
Giuseppe PortaleMacromolecular Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 3, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4903-3159
Vincent S D VoetCircular Plastics, Academy Tech & Design, NHL Stenden University of Applied Sciences, Van Schaikweg 94, 7811KL Emmen, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0863-0616
Rudy FolkersmaCircular Plastics, Academy Tech & Design, NHL Stenden University of Applied Sciences, Van Schaikweg 94, 7811KL Emmen, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3268-4131
Katja LoosMacromolecular Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 3, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4613-1159

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The development of intelligent 3D printing materials with photo- and thermally responsive properties remains a challenge, particularly for sustainable applications requiring reprocessability, multifunctionality, and precise control over dynamic behaviors. Herein, we report a solvent-free photoprintable ink featuring dual dynamic covalent bonds (DCBs), designed for photo- and thermally responsive 3D printing. The resin combines dynamic disulfides and β-hydroxy esters, further enhanced with photoswitchable spiropyran additives, enabling tunable photochromic and thermochromic properties. This material also exhibits shape memory functionality, allowing simultaneous shape and color transitions under heat. Printed prototypes demonstrate exceptional thermal stability and multifunctionality, supporting applications in anticounterfeiting, imaging, and sensing. These results provide a sustainable and innovative solution for intelligent 3D printing materials, bridging the gap between multifunctionality and reprocessability. By advancing the capabilities of responsive materials, this work paves the way for transformative progress in adaptive manufacturing and practical applications in next-generation functional devices.

Identifiers

PMID41768431
PMCPMC12356063

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.