ArticleInfection and drug resistance2026
Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors Analysis of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease Complicated with Bronchiectasis.
Article in Infection and drug resistance, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Nontuberculous mycobacteria pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) frequently coexists with bronchiectasis. This study aimed to compare clinical profiles and identify risk factors between NTM-PD patients with/without bronchiectasis and explore differences between rapid- vs slow-growing non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) species. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients diagnosed with NTM-PD and admitted to Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital between April 2021 and April 2025. Among 496 inpatients with pulmonary diseases who underwent metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, NTM were identified in 57 patients. Ultimately, 43 of these cases were confirmed and diagnosed as having NTM-PD. Relevant clinical data were collected, and the association between each variable and adverse outcomes was assessed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results: Among the 43 confirmed NTM-PD patients, 24 had concurrent bronchiectasis (NTM-PD with bronchiectasis group) and 19 did not (NTM-PD group). In terms of baseline characteristics, the NTM-PD with bronchiectasis had a significantly higher proportion of females (79.17% vs 31.57%, P=0.002) and lower BMI (19.46 vs 22.46, P=0.023). Slow-growing NTM (SGM, mainly Conclusion: Female sex is an independent risk factor for NTM-PD complicated with bronchiectasis. NTM-PD patients with bronchiectasis are more likely to be infected with SGM (especially MAC), while those without bronchiectasis tend to have RGM (especially
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