ArticleFrontiers in oncology2026
Dissecting the causal pathway linking HbA1c to oral cavity cancer via immune cell modulation: a bidirectional mendelian randomization analysis.
Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
Objective: To investigate the immune-mediated mechanisms underlying the causal link between HbA1c and oral cavity cancer. Methods: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) framework was employed, utilizing genome-wide association study (GWAS) data on HbA1c (n=46,368), oral cavity cancer (357 cases/372,016 controls), and 731 immune cell traits. The primary IVW analysis was supported by sensitivity analyses, including Cochran's Q, I², MR-Egger, and leave-one-out, to ensure robustness. A multivariable MR (MVMR) was implemented to investigate the mediating effect of immune cells within the causal pathway linking HbA1c and oral cavity cancer. Results: Genetically elevated HbA1c was causally associated with the risk of oral cavity cancer (OR = 0.9993, 95% CI: 0.9988-0.9997, P = 0.0021). HbA1c significantly influences the activity of activated B cells and T cells ( Conclusion: This study provides genetic and experimental evidence for a protective, immune-mediated role of HbA1c in oral cavity cancer. While AGEs do not directly impact OSCC viability, they impair CD8+ T cell function via oxidative stress, highlighting the interplay between glycemic control, immune modulation, and carcinogenesis.
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