Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41767999›Full record

Trial reportPain research & management2026

Effects of 4-Week Treadmill Running at Different Intensities on Exercise-Induced Hypoalgesia and Endogenous Pain Modulation in Healthy Individuals.

Zihan Xu, Nan An, Shuang Xu, Ruyun Wang, Yue Li

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Pain research & management, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Trial
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Zihan XuSchool of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China, bsu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2090-3528
Nan AnSchool of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China, bsu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9197-4465
Shuang XuDivision of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK, ucl.ac.uk.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7642-6397
Ruyun WangSchool of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China, bsu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6264-0895
Yue LiSpecial Education College, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China, buu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9605-9274

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objectives: We aimed to investigate changes in pain perception, acute exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH), and endogenous pain modulation responses following 4-week treadmill running exercises of different intensities in healthy individuals. Methods: Fifty-six healthy individuals were included in this study. All participants were randomly assigned to a control group and three experimental groups (treadmill running at high intensity [TRH], treadmill running at moderate intensity [TRM], and treadmill running at low intensity [TRL]). All participants performed 12 treadmill running sessions within 4 weeks at different intensities based on their target heart rate (THR). A running assessment was administered 1 week before running sessions. The magnitudes of EIH, conditioned pain modulation (CPM), and temporal summation (TS) responses following regular treadmill running were assessed. Pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) or mechanical pain thresholds (MPTs) were also determined following regular treadmill running. Results: All groups exhibited an EIH effect ( Conclusion: A 4-week low-to-moderate intensity treadmill running improved acute EIH response by enhancing endogenous pain modulation in healthy individuals. Future studies should consider sex, behavior, and physiological factors to provide a comprehensive understanding of the changes in EIH following regular exercises. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: ChiCTR2300074367.

Indexed as

PainPain PerceptionPain ThresholdRunningAdultExercise TestFemaleHealthy VolunteersHeart RateHumansMalePain MeasurementYoung Adultendogenous pain modulationexercise-induced hypoalgesiamoderate-intensity exercisepaintreadmill running

Identifiers

PMID41767999
PMCPMC12936697

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.