ReviewFrontiers in medicine2026
Diagnosis and treatment of sarcoidosis based on immunological etiology and mechanisms.
Review in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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3 authors.
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Abstract
Pulmonary sarcoidosis is a multisystem disease characterized by non-caseating granulomas, and its pathogenesis involves genetic susceptibility and abnormal immune responses triggered by environmental antigens. This article reviews the immunological etiology and mechanisms of pulmonary sarcoidosis, systematically discussing its pathogenetic basis, core immune mechanisms, and the role of key immunological biomarkers (such as sIL-2R, CD4+/CD8+ ratio in BALF, and HRCT) in diagnosis and assessment. It also outlines the step-up therapy, ranging from glucocorticoids to immunomodulators, biologic agents, and emerging anti-fibrotic therapies, aiming to provide an immunological basis for the precise diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary sarcoidosis.
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