Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41766880›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026

Transcriptomic and proteomic profiling of pulmonary mucormycosis reveals a failed activation of host immune response.

Jinjin Zhong, Xiaomin Cai, Yuchen Cai, Tingting Zhao, Die Hu, Chao Sun, Yueyan Ni, Yu Gu, Xin Su

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Jinjin Zhong *Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Xiaomin Cai *Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Yuchen CaiDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Tingting ZhaoDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Die HuDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Chao SunDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Yueyan NiDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Yu GuDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Xin SuDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Mucormycosis is one of the most life-threatening fungal infections with delayed diagnosis and limited antifungal treatments. The transcriptome and proteome of pulmonary mucormycosis have not been fully investigated. Methods: We obtained lung tissues and paired controls from five pulmonary mucormycosis patients and utilized transcriptomic and proteomic approaches to explore host immune response during pulmonary mucormycosis. Results: Our transcriptomic analysis found a number of up-regulated genes and pathways associated with immune defense. These genes were related to iron metabolism, pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), cytokines, chemokines et al., which enriched in pathways involved in both innate and adaptive immunity. However, proteomic profiling revealed limited upregulation of immune-related proteins and global suppression of pathways associated with host defense, especially those related to cell junction and cytoskeletal dynamics, indicating a failed activation of host immune response. Discussion: Given the findings of compromised immune function at infection sites, enhancing adjuvant immunotherapy and intensifying localized antifungal treatments may be beneficial for this refractory infection. Our study firstly investigated the immune landscape in pulmonary mucormycosis through combined transcriptomic and proteomic profiling, which could provide novel mechanistic insights for the prevention and treatment of pulmonary mucormycosis.

Indexed as

Lung Diseases, FungalMucormycosisProteomeProteomicsTranscriptomeGene Expression ProfilingHost-Pathogen InteractionsHumansLungProteomeimmune responsemucormycosisproteomicspulmonary mucormycosistranscriptomics

Identifiers

PMID41766880
PMCPMC12945811

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.