Observational studyThe Journal of clinical investigation2026
Deep biochemical phenotyping reveals prognostic value of rare genetic variants in adult kidney stone disease.
Observational study in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Role and relevance of genetic testing in patients with kidney stones: a review from EAU Section of Endourology.Current opinion in urology · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
22 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUNDKidney stone disease (KSD) affects approximately 10% of the population. While genetic factors are known to play a role in KSD, determining the clinical relevance of rare variants in KSD genes identified in adults remains challenging.METHODSThe Swiss Kidney Stone Cohort is a multicenter longitudinal, observational study consisting of kidney stone formers (KSFs) (n = 701) and non-kidney stone formers (NKSFs) (n = 200). Blood and urine samples were collected at enrollment and over 3 years for deep biochemical phenotyping. Results were correlated with rare genetic variants in established KSD genes identified through whole-exome sequencing and classified according to American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and the Association of Molecular Pathology (ACMG/AMP) criteria.RESULTSCollectively, we found rare (likely) pathogenic (LP/P) variants representing strong KSD risk factors in 6.8% of KSFs, predominantly in genes involved in renal phosphate handling and cystinuria. Detailed biochemical analyses confirmed that KSFs carrying heterozygous LP/P SLC34A3 variants exhibited significant hyperphosphaturia. In contrast, monoallelic LP/P variants in SLC34A1, SLC9A3R1, or CYP24A1, which were also frequent in NKSFs, did not result in the expected biochemical alterations, calling into question their causative role as strong KSD risk factors. In cystinuria, monoallelic SLC7A9 variants represented intermediate risk factors, since they caused biochemical alterations but required additional factors for KSD occurrence, based on frequent LP/P variants in NKSFs. The presence of strong risk factors was associated with higher kidney stone (KS) recurrence over the 3-year observation period, supporting a predictive value for genetic testing.CONCLUSIONSCorrelation of genetic findings with thorough biochemical phenotyping and comparison with NKSFs redefines the clinical relevance of variants in KSD genes and has prognostic value.
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