ArticleDevelopment (Cambridge, England)2026
Foxn3 is part of a transcriptional network that regulates primary cilia in the developing retina.
Article in Development (Cambridge, England), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Primary cilium disassembly - from mechanisms to roles in physiology and disease.Journal of cell science · 2026Review
- Missense variants in human forkhead transcription factors reveal determinants of forkhead DNA bispecificity.Cell reports · 2025Article
- Missense variants in human forkhead transcription factors reveal determinants of forkhead DNA bispecificity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Update of
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Retinas from mice with a targeted disruption of the gene encoding forkhead transcription factor Foxn3 contained additional displaced amacrine interneurons and retinal astrocytes in the inner plexiform and ganglion cell layers, as well as ectopic primary cilia on bipolar and amacrine interneurons. Foxn3 is a transcriptional repressor and numerous genes linked to cilia structure or assembly were upregulated in embryonic retinas with disrupted Foxn3. CUT&RUN analysis revealed that many upregulated retinal genes were bound by the Foxn3 and Rfx3 proteins. A short hydrophobic motif (LXXLXWL) shared by Foxn3, Foxn4 and Foxj1 was required for association with Rfx3 and for full transcriptional repression by Foxn3, as well as for full transcriptional activation by Foxj1 or Foxn4. AlphaFold 3 predicted interaction between the hydrophobic motif and the Rfx3 dimerization domain. Mutations in Rfx3 at the predicted interaction site disrupted association of Rfx3 with Foxn3, Foxn4 or Foxj1. These results reveal a new layer of transcriptional regulation of genes required for cilia, with Foxn3 functioning as a repressor of cilia genes and limiting primary cilia formation in the developing retina.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.