Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41764389›Full record

ArticleJournal of water and health2026

Case-control study of water and agricultural exposures among women in CKDu-endemic Sri Lanka.

Marimar Contreras Nieves, Santhushya Hewapathiranage, F Quin Zabel, Dhananjalee Mahalekam, Xue Yu, Chiran Weerakoon, Manoj Bandara, Isuru Bandara, Ishan Maduwantha, Dulanjalee Hearth and 15 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of water and health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

25 authors.

Marimar Contreras Nieves *Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3809-0801
Santhushya HewapathiranageKandy Kidney Protection Society, National Teaching Hospital, Kandy, Sri Lanka.
F Quin ZabelDepartment of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, CT, USA.
Dhananjalee MahalekamDepartment of Geology, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.
Xue YuDivision of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Chiran WeerakoonKandy Kidney Protection Society, National Teaching Hospital, Kandy, Sri Lanka.
Manoj BandaraKandy Kidney Protection Society, National Teaching Hospital, Kandy, Sri Lanka.
Isuru BandaraKandy Kidney Protection Society, National Teaching Hospital, Kandy, Sri Lanka.
Ishan MaduwanthaKandy Kidney Protection Society, National Teaching Hospital, Kandy, Sri Lanka.
Dulanjalee HearthKandy Kidney Protection Society, National Teaching Hospital, Kandy, Sri Lanka.
Ishara AthaudaDepartment of Geology, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.
Bhagya RathnayakeDepartment of Geology, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.
Naduni ErandikaKandy Kidney Protection Society, National Teaching Hospital, Kandy, Sri Lanka.
Nilantha PushpakuamraKandy Kidney Protection Society, National Teaching Hospital, Kandy, Sri Lanka.
Eddie LeeDivision of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Kyla BaronDepartment of Medicine, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Vivek BhallaDivision of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Karen L ArtilesDepartment of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Andrew FireDepartment of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Stephen L SchensulDepartment of Public Health Sciences, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA.
Rohana ChandrajithDepartment of Geology, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.
Penny Vlahos *Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, CT, USA.
Maria Montez-Rath *Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Shuchi Anand *Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA E-mail: sanand2@stanford.edu.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9892-8477
Nishantha Nanayakkara *Kandy Kidney Protection Society, National Teaching Hospital, Kandy, Sri Lanka.

Funding

Chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology: applying a multidisciplinary approach to investigate the world's most common tubulointerstitial kidney diseaseR01DK127138 · NIDDK · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI MONTEZ RATH, MARIA · 2021 to 2025
$2.7M
End-Stage Kidney Disease in California's Central Valley: Investigating a Hotspot of Kidney DiseaseF32DK142456 · NIDDK · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Marimar Contreras Nieves · 2025 to 2026
$175k
NIDDK NIH HHS 1F32DK142456-01A1NIDDK NIH HHS F32 DK142456NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK127138NIDDK NIH HHS R01DK127138NIDDK NIH HHS TL1/U2C 1DK133488-01A1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDu) disproportionately affects men in agricultural regions; few studies parse exposures among affected and unaffected women. We conducted a case-control study among women in Sri Lanka, identifying 15 cases, who experienced progressive kidney disease in a prospective study in a CKDu-endemic region. We selected age-matched controls from the same endemic and neighboring non-endemic region. We then assessed differences in self-reported exposures, and analyzed water samples for inorganic and organic chemicals. Women who reported heat exhaustion (OR = 19.3;

Indexed as

Chronic Kidney Diseases of Uncertain EtiologyEnvironmental ExposureWater Pollutants, ChemicalAgricultureCase-Control StudiesFemaleHumansMiddle AgedPesticidesProspective StudiesSri LankaPesticidesWater Pollutants, ChemicalagricultureCKDufluoridegroundwater contaminationpesticides

Identifiers

PMID41764389
PMCPMC13170613

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.