ArticleOsteoarthritis and cartilage2026
Potential role of bile acids as a microbiome-derived mechanism in synovitis of knee osteoarthritis synovitis.
Article in Osteoarthritis and cartilage, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Osteoarthritis as a systemic disorder: multi-organ crosstalk in pathogenesis and therapeutic targeting.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Mechanistic insights into gut microbiota dysbiosis in osteoarthritis based on the gut-joint axis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate the relationship between bile acids (BAs) and synovitis in knee osteoarthritis (KOA).
methodsRadiographic KOA patients with complete datasets were included. WOMAC total and subscores were calculated. Synovitis was assessed by ultrasound or Krenn score. BAs were profiled in plasma (N=28) or synovial fluid (SF, N=29) using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. OA synovial explants, OA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS), and bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) were used for in vitro experiments. Data analysis was performed using R and MetaboAnalyst.
resultsSixteen KOA participants had low-grade (0-1) and twelve had high-grade synovitis (2-3). Glycohyodeoxycholic acid (1.198 ± 0.983 vs. 1.954 ± 0.686, 0.76[95% CI: 0.04-1.89]) and lithocholic acid (0.19 ± 0.53 vs. 0.825 ± 0.866, 0.63[95% CI: 0.00-1.58]) were elevated in subjects with high-grade synovitis. LPS-binding protein (LBP) (rho = 0.58, p = 0.037, [95% CI: -0.807-0.46]) correlated with synovitis but only in obese participants (BMI ≥ 30). LBP, lithocholic acid, and glycohyodeoxycholic acid predicted high synovitis (92% sensitivity, 75% specificity, AUC = 0.875[95% CI: 0.99-1.05], p < 0.001). In SF, taurodeoxycholic and glycohyodeoxycholic acids correlated positively with WOMAC pain and stiffness subscores and the total WOMAC score. The BA receptors, TGR5 and LXR, were present in synovial tissue. In vitro, BAs reduced cytokine secretion in FLS and BMDM.
conclusionDetection of BAs and their receptors in synovial tissue, together with their modulatory effects on synovial cells, supports a potential biological role for BAs in KOA.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.