Using wastewater surveillance to improve infectious disease control in correctional facilities and congregate living settings: A modeling perspective.

Daniel de-la-Rosa-Martinez, Kara L Nelson, Joyce Lee, Rose S Kantor, Ashley Hazel, Seth Blumberg

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Epidemics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Daniel de-la-Rosa-MartinezFrancis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. Electronic address: daniel.delarosamartinez@ucsf.edu.

Kara L NelsonDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.

Joyce LeeFrancis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Rose S KantorDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA.

Ashley HazelFrancis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Seth BlumbergFrancis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Funding

Modeling the dynamics of disease eliminationR35GM147702 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Seth Blumberg · 2022 to 2026

$2.0M

NCEZID CDC HHS U01 CK000590NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM147702

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Wastewater surveillance is a valuable tool for monitoring infectious disease dynamics. However, its integration into outbreak control strategies in congregate settings requires further exploration. As observed during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, these high-risk environments can facilitate large outbreaks, further exacerbated by residents' heightened vulnerability. Congregate settings exhibit distinct epidemiological dynamics that influence wastewater surveillance. For instance, their semi-closed populations and reduced mobility can lower environmental noise in wastewater signals, but small population sizes also increase stochastic fluctuations, complicating the interpretation of disease trends. In this context, mathematical modeling helps translate wastewater signals into actionable insights for outbreak response. This work synthesizes key benefits and challenges in applying wastewater surveillance in congregate settings and identifies modeling approaches that have potential to improve outbreak detection, enhance monitoring of transmission dynamics, and optimize infection control strategies. This provides a conceptual framework for expanding wastewater surveillance to strengthen infectious disease control in these high-risk populations.

Indexed as

Communicable Disease ControlCorrectional FacilitiesCOVID-19WastewaterWastewater-Based Epidemiological MonitoringDisease OutbreaksHumansModels, TheoreticalSARS-CoV-2WastewaterCongregate settingsCorrectional facilitiesInfectious disease modelingOutbreak detectionWastewater surveillance

Identifiers

PMID41762551

DOI10.1016/j.epidem.2026.100898

PMCPMC13375237

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.