Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41762430›Full record

ReviewFolia microbiologica2026

Salmonella infection in chickens: pathogen, pathogenesis, and dietary non-drug feed additives as alternatives to antibiotics - a comprehensive review.

Nahed A El-Shall, Mehmet Cemal Adiguzel, Wafaa A Abd El-Ghany, Walaa A Gamal

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Folia microbiologica, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Nahed A El-ShallDepartment of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21944, Egypt. nahed.abdelgawad@alexu.edu.eg.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2013-487X
Mehmet Cemal AdiguzelDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
Wafaa A Abd El-GhanyPoultry Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1686-3831
Walaa A GamalEldoctor Veterinary Clinics, Alexandria, 23625, Egypt.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Salmonella infections in poultry can result in systemic, localized diseases, or prolonged asymptomatic carriers. Avian host-specific Salmonellae such as S. Pullorum and S. Gallinarum can spread vertically or horizontally from diseased birds or contaminated feed, water, or litter (fecal-oral route), resulting in significant mortality rates of up to 80% in chicks and poults during 1st 2-3 weeks of age. Furthermore, one of the most common food-borne diseases in humans is caused by Paratyphoid Salmonellae. The antibiotic overuse or misuse in animal production raises concerns due to the formation of resistant bacteria or genes and tissue residues. Currently, Salmonellae are among the most antibiotic-resistant bacteria and cause the most severe infections in both human and animals. Besides biosecurity, the inclusion of feed additives such as probiotics and their derivavtives, phytobiotics, nanoparticles, and egg yolk immunoglobulins can help to lessen the burden of Salmonella infections (colonization and shedding) in poultry and enhance health and immune response. Additionally, bacteriophages, the bacteria-specific viruses, are considered a biocontrol measure for Salmonella depending on using the appropriate phage, doses, time, and route of administration. These interventions have the potential to replace conventional antibiotics in therapeutic settings by exhibiting bactericidal effects without the risk of emerging antibiotic-resistant strains or intestinal dysbiosis. Moreover, the synergistic interactions between these interventions can provide a more inclusive, efficient, and integrated approach for managing Salmonellosis in poultry flocks. This current review aims to spotlight on the avian Salmonella infections and the role of antibiotic alternatives to control it.

Indexed as

Animal FeedChickensFood AdditivesPoultry DiseasesSalmonellaSalmonella Infections, AnimalAnimalsAnti-Bacterial AgentsProbioticsAnti-Bacterial AgentsFood AdditivesAntibioticsBacteriophagesChickensNanoparticlesProbioticsSalmonella

Identifiers

PMID41762430
PMCPMC13541868

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.