ArticleBMJ open2026
Risk factors for renal stone development in adults with primary hyperparathyroidism: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Article in BMJ open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionPrimary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is characterised by overactive parathyroid glands and consequent calcium dysregulation. Renal stones (RS) are a recognised complication and are associated with substantial morbidity. However, RS risk factors in PHPT are not well established, and recent international guidelines identify 'renal stone risk' as a research priority. We aim to summarise and meta-analyse evidence on prespecified risk factors for RS in adults with PHPT. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols-aligned protocol describes a systematic review and meta-analysis. MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials will be searched from inception. Eligible designs include prospective and retrospective cohort, case-control and cross-sectional studies of adults (≥18 years) with PHPT; randomised trials, case reports, commentaries and conference abstracts will be excluded. Two reviewers will independently screen records, extract data and assess risk of bias using the Quality in Prognostic Studies tool. Prespecified risk factors are age, sex, urinary calcium, serum calcium, serum parathyroid hormone and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D. We will pool adjusted ORs (primary) and unadjusted estimates (secondary) using random-effects models, assess heterogeneity with the ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethics approval is not required as only published data will be used. Findings will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication and conference presentations. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42024608180.
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