Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41760123›Full record

Observational studyBMJ open diabetes research & care2026

Management and outcomes of people presenting with new diabetes-related foot infections: a prospective observational study from Australia and New Zealand.

Edward Raby, Laurens Manning, Kate McCarthy, Emma J Hamilton, Ayesha Akram, Natasha Bertschi, Hasan Bhally, Keat Choong, Annabelle Donaldson, Stephen Guy and 14 more

Abstract readObservational StudyMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in BMJ open diabetes research & care, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

24 authors.

Edward RabyDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia edward.raby@health.wa.gov.au robert.commons@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1671-6188
Laurens ManningDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia.
Kate McCarthyDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Metro North, Herston, Queensland, Australia.
Emma J HamiltonMultidisciplinary Diabetes Foot Ulcer Service, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia.
Ayesha AkramImmunology and Infectious Diseases Department, John Hunter Hospital, Hunter New England Health, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia.
Natasha BertschiRoyal Darwin Hospital, Tiwi, Northern Territory, Australia.
Hasan BhallyWaitemata District Health Board, North Shore and Waitakere Hospitals, Auckland, New Zealand.
Keat ChoongDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast Hospital and Health Service, Queensland Health, Birtinya, Queensland, Australia.
Annabelle DonaldsonDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand.
Stephen GuyDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Western Health, Footscray, Victoria, Australia.
Katy LaiImmunology and Infectious Diseases Department, John Hunter Hospital, Hunter New England Health, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia.
Chris LemohDepartment of Medicine, Western Health, The University of Melbourne, St Albans, Victoria, Australia.
Lyn-Li LimDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast Hospital and Health Service, Queensland Health, Birtinya, Queensland, Australia.
Christian McGrathGeneral and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia.
Benjamin MuloDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia.
Ohide OtomeDepartment of Infectious Diseases, St John of God Midland Public and Private Hospitals, Midland, Western Australia, Australia.
Marjoree SehuDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Infection Management Metro South, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Omar ShumDepartment of Infectious Diseases, The Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
Parind VoraLyell McEwin Hospital, Elizabeth Vale, South Australia, Australia.
Cara WestphalPodiatry Department, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Jennifer WongMonash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Peter A LazzariniFoot Diseases Research Program, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8235-7964
Robert J CommonsGeneral and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia edward.raby@health.wa.gov.au robert.commons@gmail.com.
DINGO Study Group

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionInfections precede nearly all hospitalizations and amputations related to diabetes-related foot disease. Focusing on antibiotic management, we aimed to report the outcomes of people presenting with a new diabetes-related foot infection (DFI). RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsIn this prospective study conducted in Australian and New Zealand hospitals between 2018 and 2020, patients with diabetes, a foot ulcer and a newly diagnosed DFI were eligible for enrollment. DFI was categorized as mild or moderate/severe DFI, with the latter further categorized according to the presence of osteomyelitis. The primary outcome was healing of the index ulcer or amputation site at 6 months. Multivariable logistic regression analyses adjusted for potential confounders were undertaken to investigate the relationship between ulcer healing and infection severity, intravenous antibiotic duration and total antibiotic duration.

resultsOf 234 included patients presenting to 20 centers (mean age 61 years, 77% male), 15% had mild DFI, 31% moderate or severe DFI without osteomyelitis, and 54% moderate or severe DFI with osteomyelitis. Methicillin-resistant

conclusionsHealing at 6 months following DFI does not appear to be associated with infection severity or antibiotic management. To plan clinical trials of antibiotic therapy for DFI, further work is required to define target subgroups and meaningful trial endpoints.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsDiabetic FootOsteomyelitisAgedAmputation, SurgicalAustraliaFemaleHumansMaleMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureusMiddle AgedNew ZealandPrognosisProspective StudiesStaphylococcal InfectionsWound HealingAnti-Bacterial AgentsDiabetic FootFoot UlcerInfectionsWound Healing

Identifiers

PMID41760123
PMCPMC12959016

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.