Association of vaginal microbiome, cytokines, and spontaneous preterm birth among Chinese women: a nested case-control study.

Yefang Ke, Ying Sun, Jun Wu, Lina Ye, Zhe Zhu

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Microbiology spectrum, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Yefang KeDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Women and Children's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.

Ying SunDepartment of Obstetrics, Women and Children's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.

Jun WuDepartment of Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.

Lina YeDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Women and Children's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.

Zhe ZhuDepartment of Blood Transfusion, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.ORCID 0000-0003-3450-7259

Funding

Key Discipline of Ningbo No.2 Hospital 2023-Y07Medical Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Province 2024KY1557, 2025KY1425Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo Municipality 2023J203Women's Health Care of Ningbo Key Medical Support Discipline 2022-F27Zhejiang Province Disease Prevention and Control Program of China 2025JK087

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

An imbalance of the vaginal microbiome and dysregulation of cytokines are associated with spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB). To date, the relationship between the vaginal microbiome, cytokines, and sPTB remains unclear in the Chinese population. Herein, we conducted a nested case-control study using data from a prospective cohort of 749 Chinese women with a singleton pregnancy who were enrolled between 16 and 28 weeks of pregnancy. Cases consisted of individuals experiencing sPTB (

Indexed as

CytokinesMicrobiotaPremature BirthVaginaAdultAerococcusBacteriaCase-Control StudiesChinaEast Asian PeopleFemaleGardnerellaHumansInterleukin-6LactobacillusPregnancyCytokinesInterleukin-6cytokinesIL-6Lactobacillus inersspontaneous preterm birthvaginal microbiome

Identifiers

PMID41757954

DOI10.1128/spectrum.02607-25

PMCPMC13055211

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.