ArticlemedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences2026
Integrated serosurveillance to assess disease elimination in coastal Ecuador: onchocerciasis, yaws, and trachoma.
Lesly Simbaña Vivanco, Stuart Torres Ayala, Nikolina Walas, Gretchen Cooley, Chabier Coleman, E Brook Goodhew, Diana L Martin, Hadley Burroughs, Everlyn Kamau, Manuel Calvopiña and 7 more
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In one paragraphArticle in medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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5 · Who and what moneyAuthors and funding
17 authors.
Lesly Simbaña VivancoInstitute of Microbiology, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad de San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador.ORCID 0009-0002-1811-7808 Stuart Torres AyalaInstitute of Microbiology, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad de San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador.ORCID 0009-0007-2515-5227 Gretchen CooleyDivision of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6224-3831 Chabier ColemanDivision of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4816-9249 E Brook GoodhewDivision of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2951-7607 Diana L MartinDivision of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9417-5562 Hadley BurroughsFrancis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Manuel CalvopiñaUniversidad de las Americas, Facultad de Medicina, Carrera de Medicina, Quito, Ecuador.ORCID 0000-0002-0286-0747 Gwenyth O LeeRutgers Global Health Institute and Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7889-3852 Gabriel TruebaInstitute of Microbiology, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad de San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador.ORCID 0000-0003-2617-9021 Karen LevyDepartment of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0968-9401 Funding
Gut microbiome, enteric infections and child growth across a rurual urban gradientR01AI137679 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI EISENBERG, JOSEPH N. S., LEVY, KAREN · 2018 to 2023
$5.3MEnteric Pathogen Force of Infection among Children using SerologyR01AI162867 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI ARNOLD, BENJAMIN F · 2021 to 2025
$3.7MSeroepidemiology of trachoma for the elimination endgameR01AI158884 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI ARNOLD, BENJAMIN F · 2021 to 2025
$2.0MNIAID NIH HHS R01 AI137679NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI158884NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI162867
6 · The paper itselfAbstract
Background: Testing blood samples with multiplex bead assays can assess elimination and identify residual foci of transmission for multiple pathogens simultaneously. In Ecuador, onchocerciasis and yaws are presumed eliminated, and the status of trachoma is unknown. We assessed their elimination status by measuring IgG antibodies in children 6-24 months. Methods: In a birth cohort of 404 children measured between 2021-2024 in Esmeraldas province, Ecuador, we tested dried blood spots at ages 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 months using a multiplex IgG assay that included antigens to Results: Of 404 children enrolled, 370 contributed 1,606 samples. Seroprevalence was near zero for onchocerciasis (0.4%, 95% CI: 0.2% to 0.8%) and yaws (0.2%, 95% CI: 0.0% to 0.5%). Conversely, Conclusions: Serologic surveillance found no evidence of
Identifiers
PMID41757197
PMCPMC12934873
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