Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41757081›Full record

ArticlebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2026

Mapping spatially organized molecular and genetic signatures of schizophrenia across multiple scales in human prefrontal cortex.

Sang Ho Kwon, Boyi Guo, Cindy Fang, Madhavi Tippani, Svitlana V Bach, Ryan A Miller, Sarah E Maguire, Artemis Iatrou, Geo Pertea, Nicholas J Eagles and 19 more

Abstract readPreprint
In one paragraph

Article in bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

29 authors.

Sang Ho KwonLieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5328-0956
Boyi GuoDepartment of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2950-2349
Cindy FangDepartment of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7164-5461
Madhavi TippaniLieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6465-6418
Svitlana V BachLieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1134-9585
Ryan A MillerLieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3477-7443
Sarah E MaguireLieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0009-0005-2884-4787
Artemis IatrouDepartment of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9866-5497
Geo PerteaLieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3210-7182
Nicholas J EaglesLieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9808-5254
Madeline R ValentineLieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6078-2794
Seyun OhLieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0009-0003-2673-765X
Aarti JajooDepartment of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0089-1697
Vijetha BalakundiDepartment of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA.ORCID 0009-0003-5631-3006
Yufeng DuLieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0009-0002-3915-5205
Annie B NguyenLieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3842-6923
Ruth ZhangLieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0009-0003-2134-0952
Uma M KaipaLieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4931-1753
Heena R DivechaLieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1959-0675
Jashandeep S LobanaLieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Joel E KleinmanLieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4210-6052
Shizhong HanLieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5114-6742
Nikolaos P DaskalakisDepartment of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1660-9112
Thomas M HydeLieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8746-3037
Leonardo Collado-TorresLieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2140-308X
Stephanie C PageLieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1951-7398
Kristen R MaynardLieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0031-8468
Stephanie C HicksDepartment of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7858-0231
Keri MartinowichLieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5237-0789

Funding

Laminar dissection of cortical human brain gene expression in neuropsychiatric disordersR01MH126393 · NIMH · LIEBER INSTITUTE, INC. · PI MARTINOWICH, KERI · 2021 to 2025
$3.9M
Integrative cellular deconvolution of human brain RNA sequencing dataR01MH123183 · NIMH · LIEBER INSTITUTE, INC. · PI HICKS, STEPHANIE CARINNE, MAYNARD, KRISTEN ROSE · 2020 to 2023
$2.3M
Computational Methods for Emerging Spatially-resolved Transcriptomics with Multiple SamplesR35GM150671 · NIGMS · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI Stephanie Carinne Hicks · 2023 to 2026
$1.2M
NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM150671NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH123183NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH126393
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) controls many cognitive and emotional processes that are disrupted in schizophrenia (SCZ). However, the spatial location of molecular changes associated with SCZ within the dlPFC remains poorly characterized. dlPFC cell types are spatially organized across six layers into microcircuits that mediate dlPFC function. While SCZ has been linked to regionally-defined cell types, spatially-resolved transcriptomics (SRT) can more directly map molecular associations of disease. We integrated protein detection for perineuronal nets, neurons and vasculature with SRT to investigate how gene expression varies across different cellular microenvironments in the human dlPFC from neurotypical control (n=31) and SCZ (n=32) brain donors. We mapped transcriptional alterations in synaptic, neuroimmune and metabolic pathways to neuropil and glia-enriched domains including the white matter. Integrative analyses linked laminar alterations predominantly to non-neuronal populations, and

Indexed as

dorsolateral prefrontal cortexpostmortem human brainSchizophreniaspatially-resolved transcriptomics

Identifiers

PMID41757081
PMCPMC12934622

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.