Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41756810›Full record

ArticleTransplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation2026

Machine Learning-Based Evaluation of Combined EBV and CMV Serostatus as Predictors of Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder.

Ghazal Azarfar, Muath A M Alotaibi, Yingji Sun, Shahid Husain, Aman Sidhu, Mamatha Bhat, Seyed M Hosseini-Moghaddam

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Ghazal AzarfarAjmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Muath A M AlotaibiAjmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Yingji SunAjmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Shahid HusainAjmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Aman SidhuAjmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Mamatha BhatAjmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Seyed M Hosseini-MoghaddamAjmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is a major complication of solid organ transplantation (SOT), with the greatest risk in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) donor-positive/recipient-negative (D+/R-) pairs. The contribution of cytomegalovirus (CMV) serostatus is less well defined. We conducted a population-based study of 47,333 abdominal SOT recipients in the United States (1995-2015) using linked SRTR data. Donor-recipient EBV/CMV serostatus was evaluated as a compound variable. The primary outcome was PTLD incidence, with secondary analyses assessing predictors of PTLD and impact on survival. Overall, 716 patients (1.5%) developed PTLD at a median of 6.1 years (IQR 2.9-9.7) after transplant. EBV D+/R- recipients had the highest incidence (3.2%), and those with compound [EBV D+/R-, CMV D-/R-] serostatus had more than double the PTLD risk compared with [EBV D+/R-, CMV D+/R-] (5.3% vs. 2.5%, p < 0.001). Logistic regression and random forest models consistently identified [EBV D+/R-, CMV D-/R-] serostatus, age, and race as leading predictors, though discrimination was modest (test AUC ∼0.61). In a matched survival analysis, PTLD was not associated with increased all-cause mortality (aHR ∼1.0). Our findings demonstrate that combined EBV/CMV serostatus improves PTLD risk prediction compared with EBV alone and emphasize the need for targeted preventive strategies.

Indexed as

Cytomegalovirus InfectionsEpstein-Barr Virus InfectionsLymphoproliferative DisordersMachine LearningOrgan TransplantationPostoperative ComplicationsAdultAgedCytomegalovirusFemaleHerpesvirus 4, HumanHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedRisk Factorscytomegalovirus (CMV)Epstein–barr virus (EBV)machine learningpost-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD)solid organ transplantation

Identifiers

PMID41756810
PMCPMC12933947

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.